| 4171 | January 10 | Birth | 1776 – George Birkbeck, English physician and academic, founded Birkbeck, University of London (d. 1841) |
| 4172 | January 10 | Birth | 1780 – Martin Lichtenstein, German physician and explorer (d. 1857) |
| 4173 | January 10 | Birth | 1797 – Eugenio Kincaid, American missionary (d. 1883) |
| 4174 | January 10 | Birth | 1802 – Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian-Austrian engineer, designed the Semmering railway (d. 1860) |
| 4175 | January 10 | Birth | 1810 – Ferdinand Barbedienne, French engineer (d. 1892) |
| 4176 | January 10 | Birth | 1810 – Jeremiah S. Black, American jurist and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of State (d. 1883) |
| 4177 | January 10 | Birth | 1812 – Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect and academic (d. 1881) |
| 4178 | January 10 | Birth | 1828 – Herman Koeckemann, German bishop and missionary (d. 1892) |
| 4179 | January 10 | Birth | 1834 – John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, Italian-English historian and politician (d. 1902) |
| 4180 | January 10 | Birth | 1836 – Charles Ingalls, American farmer and carpenter (d. 1902) |
| 4181 | January 10 | Birth | 1840 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Canadian cardinal (d. 1925) |
| 4182 | January 10 | Birth | 1842 – Luigi Pigorini, Italian palaeontologist, archaeologist, and ethnographer (d. 1925) |
| 4183 | January 10 | Birth | 1843 – Frank James, American soldier and outlaw (d. 1915) |
| 4184 | January 10 | Birth | 1848 – Reinhold Sadler, American merchant and politician, 9th Governor of Nevada (d. 1906) |
| 4185 | January 10 | Birth | 1849 – Robert Crosbie, Canadian theosophist, founded the United Lodge of Theosophists (d. 1919) |
| 4186 | January 10 | Birth | 1850 – John Wellborn Root, American architect, designed the Rookery Building and Monadnock Building (d. 1891) |
| 4187 | January 10 | Birth | 1853 – Jessie Bond, English singer and actress (d. 1942) |
| 4188 | January 10 | Birth | 1858 – Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1929) |
| 4189 | January 10 | Birth | 1859 – Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia, Spanish philosopher and academic (d. 1909) |
| 4190 | January 10 | Birth | 1860 – Charles G. D. Roberts, Canadian poet and author (d. 1943) |
| 4191 | January 10 | Birth | 1864 – Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia (d. 1931) |
| 4192 | January 10 | Birth | 1865 – Mary Ingalls, American sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1928) |
| 4193 | January 10 | Birth | 1873 – Algernon Maudslay, English sailor (d. 1948) |
| 4194 | January 10 | Birth | 1873 – Jack O'Neill, Irish-American baseball player (d. 1935) |
| 4195 | January 10 | Birth | 1873 – George Orton, Canadian runner and hurdler (d. 1958) |
| 4196 | January 10 | Birth | 1875 – Issai Schur, German mathematician and academic (d. 1941) |
| 4197 | January 10 | Birth | 1878 – John McLean, American hurdler, football player, and coach (d. 1955) |
| 4198 | January 10 | Birth | 1880 – Manuel Azaña, Spanish jurist and politician, 7th President of Spain (d. 1940) |
| 4199 | January 10 | Birth | 1881 – Leslie Rainey, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 1962) |
| 4200 | January 10 | Birth | 1883 – Francis X. Bushman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1966) |