| 50011 | May.01 | Birth | 1850 – Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (d. 1942) |
| 50012 | May.01 | Birth | 1851 – Laza Lazarević, Serbian psychiatrist and neurologist (d. 1891) |
| 50013 | May.01 | Birth | 1852 – Calamity Jane, American scout (d. 1903) |
| 50014 | May.01 | Birth | 1852 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish neuroscientist and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1934) |
| 50015 | May.01 | Birth | 1853 – Jacob Mikhailovich Gordin, Ukrainian-American journalist, actor, and playwright (d. 1909) |
| 50016 | May.01 | Birth | 1855 – Cecilia Beaux, American painter and academic (d. 1942) |
| 50017 | May.01 | Birth | 1857 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch art dealer (d. 1891) |
| 50018 | May.01 | Birth | 1859 – Jacqueline Comerre-Paton, French painter and sculptor (d. 1955) |
| 50019 | May.01 | Birth | 1862 – Marcel Prévost, French author and playwright (d. 1941) |
| 50020 | May.01 | Birth | 1864 – Anna Jarvis, American founder of Mother's Day (d. 1948) |
| 50021 | May.01 | Birth | 1871 – Seakle Greijdanus, Dutch theologian and scholar (d. 1948) |
| 50022 | May.01 | Birth | 1872 – Sidónio Pais, Portuguese soldier and politician, 4th President of Portugal (d. 1918) |
| 50023 | May.01 | Birth | 1872 – Harry Leon Wilson, American author and playwright (d. 1939) |
| 50024 | May.01 | Birth | 1874 – Romaine Brooks, American-French painter and illustrator (d. 1970) |
| 50025 | May.01 | Birth | 1874 – Paul Van Asbroeck, Belgian target shooter (d. 1959) |
| 50026 | May.01 | Birth | 1875 – Dave Hall, American runner (d. 1972) |
| 50027 | May.01 | Birth | 1881 – John Svanberg, Swedish runner (d. 1957) |
| 50028 | May.01 | Birth | 1881 – Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French-American priest, palaeontologist, and philosopher (d. 1955) |
| 50029 | May.01 | Birth | 1884 – Francis Curzon, 5th Earl Howe, English race car driver and politician (d. 1964) |
| 50030 | May.01 | Birth | 1885 – Clément Pansaers, Belgian poet (d. 1922) |
| 50031 | May.01 | Birth | 1885 – Ralph Stackpole, American sculptor and painter (d. 1973) |
| 50032 | May.01 | Birth | 1887 – Alan Cunningham, Irish-English general and diplomat, High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan (d. 1983) |
| 50033 | May.01 | Birth | 1887 – Kurt Vespermann, Polish-German actor (d. 1957) |
| 50034 | May.01 | Birth | 1896 – Herbert Backe, Georgian-German agronomist and politician (d. 1947) |
| 50035 | May.01 | Birth | 1896 – Mark W. Clark, American general (d. 1984) |
| 50036 | May.01 | Birth | 1896 – J. Lawton Collins, American general (d. 1987) |
| 50037 | May.01 | Birth | 1898 – Alfred Schmidt, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1972) |
| 50038 | May.01 | Birth | 1900 – Ignazio Silone, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1978) |
| 50039 | May.01 | Birth | 1900 – Aleksander Wat, Polish poet, writer, art theoretician and memorialist (d. 1967) |
| 50040 | May.01 | Birth | 1901 – Sterling Allen Brown, American poet, academic, and critic (d. 1989) |