| 115861 | October 10 | Event | 2010 – The Netherlands Antilles are dissolved as a country. |
| 115862 | October 10 | Event | 2015 – Twin bomb blasts in the Turkish capital Ankara near the main train station leave at least 102 people dead and over 400 wounded. |
| 115863 | October 10 | Birth | 1344 – Mary of Waltham (d. 1362) |
| 115864 | October 10 | Birth | 1465 – Selim I, Ottoman sultan (d. 1520) |
| 115865 | October 10 | Birth | 1567 – Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain (d. 1597) |
| 115866 | October 10 | Birth | 1599 – Étienne Moulinié, French composer and director (d. 1676) |
| 115867 | October 10 | Birth | 1656 – Nicolas de Largillière, French painter and academic (d. 1746) |
| 115868 | October 10 | Birth | 1669 – Johann Nicolaus Bach, German organist and composer (d. 1753) |
| 115869 | October 10 | Birth | 1678 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish colonel and politician, Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland (d. 1743) |
| 115870 | October 10 | Birth | 1684 – Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721) |
| 115871 | October 10 | Birth | 1700 – Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor and illustrator (d. 1759) |
| 115872 | October 10 | Birth | 1731 – Henry Cavendish, French-English chemist, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1810) |
| 115873 | October 10 | Birth | 1780 – John Abercrombie, Scottish physician and philosopher (d. 1844) |
| 115874 | October 10 | Birth | 1794 – William Whiting Boardman, American judge and politician (d. 1871) |
| 115875 | October 10 | Birth | 1813 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer and philanthropist (d. 1901) |
| 115876 | October 10 | Birth | 1819 – Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger, German theologian and author (d. 1883) |
| 115877 | October 10 | Birth | 1825 – Paul Kruger, South African soldier and politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (d. 1904) |
| 115878 | October 10 | Birth | 1828 – Samuel J. Randall, American captain, lawyer and politician, 33rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890) |
| 115879 | October 10 | Birth | 1830 – Isabella II of Spain (d. 1904) |
| 115880 | October 10 | Birth | 1834 – Aleksis Kivi, Finnish author and playwright (d. 1872) |
| 115881 | October 10 | Birth | 1837 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (d. 1863) |
| 115882 | October 10 | Birth | 1858 – Maurice Prendergast, American painter and academic (d. 1924) |
| 115883 | October 10 | Birth | 1861 – Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, scientist, and humanitarian, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930) |
| 115884 | October 10 | Birth | 1863 – Helen Dunbar, American actress (d. 1933) |
| 115885 | October 10 | Birth | 1864 – T. Frank Appleby, American businessman and politician (d. 1924) |
| 115886 | October 10 | Birth | 1870 – Louise Mack, Australian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1935) |
| 115887 | October 10 | Birth | 1877 – William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (d. 1963) |
| 115888 | October 10 | Birth | 1884 – Nikolai Klyuev, Russian poet and author (d. 1937) |
| 115889 | October 10 | Birth | 1884 – Ida Wüst, German actress and screenwriter (d. 1958) |
| 115890 | October 10 | Birth | 1885 – Walter Anderson, Belarusian-German ethnologist and academic (d. 1962) |