| 142741 | December 19 | Birth | 1817 – James J. Archer, American lawyer and general (d. 1864) |
| 142742 | December 19 | Birth | 1820 – Mary Livermore, American journalist and activist (d. 1905) |
| 142743 | December 19 | Birth | 1825 – George Frederick Bristow, American violinist and composer (d. 1898) |
| 142744 | December 19 | Birth | 1831 – Bernice Pauahi Bishop, American philanthropist (d. 1884) |
| 142745 | December 19 | Birth | 1849 – Henry Clay Frick, American businessman (d. 1919) |
| 142746 | December 19 | Birth | 1852 – Albert Abraham Michelson, Prussian-American physicist, chemist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1931) |
| 142747 | December 19 | Birth | 1853 – Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec (d. 1942) |
| 142748 | December 19 | Birth | 1861 – Italo Svevo, Italian author and playwright (d. 1928) |
| 142749 | December 19 | Birth | 1863 – Wallace Bryant, American archer (d. 1953) |
| 142750 | December 19 | Birth | 1865 – Minnie Maddern Fiske, American actress and playwright (d. 1932) |
| 142751 | December 19 | Birth | 1873 – Alphonse Kirchhoffer, French fencer (d. 1913) |
| 142752 | December 19 | Birth | 1875 – Carter G. Woodson, American historian and author, founded Black History Month (d. 1950) |
| 142753 | December 19 | Birth | 1876 – Bernard Friedberg, Austrian-Israeli scholar and author (d. 1961) |
| 142754 | December 19 | Birth | 1881 – John Fraser, Canadian soccer player (d. 1959) |
| 142755 | December 19 | Birth | 1888 – Fritz Reiner, Hungarian-American conductor (d. 1963) |
| 142756 | December 19 | Birth | 1891 – Juhan Kallaste, Estonian cleric and actor (d. 1999) |
| 142757 | December 19 | Birth | 1891 – Edward Bernard Raczyński, Polish politician, 4th President-in-exile of Poland (d. 1993) |
| 142758 | December 19 | Birth | 1894 – Ford Frick, American journalist and businessman (d. 1978) |
| 142759 | December 19 | Birth | 1895 – Ingeborg Refling Hagen, Norwegian author and educator (d. 1989) |
| 142760 | December 19 | Birth | 1899 – Martin Luther King, Sr., American pastor, missionary, and activist (d. 1984) |
| 142761 | December 19 | Birth | 1901 – Rudolf Hell, German engineer, invented the Hellschreiber (d. 2002) |
| 142762 | December 19 | Birth | 1901 – Oliver La Farge, American anthropologist and author (d. 1963) |
| 142763 | December 19 | Birth | 1901 – Fritz Mauruschat, German footballer and manager (d. 1974) |
| 142764 | December 19 | Birth | 1902 – Ralph Richardson, English actor (d. 1983) |
| 142765 | December 19 | Birth | 1903 – George Davis Snell, American geneticist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996) |
| 142766 | December 19 | Birth | 1905 – Irving Kahn, American businessman (d. 2015) |
| 142767 | December 19 | Birth | 1905 – Giovanni Lurani, Italian race car driver, engineer, and journalist (d. 1995) |
| 142768 | December 19 | Birth | 1906 – Leonid Brezhnev, Ukrainian-Russian marshal, engineer, and politician, 4th Head of State of the Soviet Union (d. 1982) |
| 142769 | December 19 | Birth | 1907 – Jimmy McLarnin, Irish-American boxer, actor, and golfer (d. 2004) |
| 142770 | December 19 | Birth | 1909 – W. A. Criswell, American pastor and author (d. 2002) |