| 147151 | December 31 | Event | 2011 – NASA succeeds in putting the first of two Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory satellites in orbit around the Moon. |
| 147152 | December 31 | Event | 2014 – A New Year's Eve celebration stampede in Shanghai kills at least 36 people and injures 49 others. |
| 147153 | December 31 | Birth | 695 – Muhammad bin Qasim, Syrian general (d. 715) |
| 147154 | December 31 | Birth | 1378 – Pope Callixtus III (d. 1458) |
| 147155 | December 31 | Birth | 1491 – Jacques Cartier, French navigator and explorer (d. 1557) |
| 147156 | December 31 | Birth | 1493 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Italian noble and Duchess of Urbino (d. 1570) |
| 147157 | December 31 | Birth | 1514 – Andreas Vesalius, Belgian anatomist, physician, and author (d. 1564) |
| 147158 | December 31 | Birth | 1552 – Simon Forman, English occultist and astrologer (d. 1611) |
| 147159 | December 31 | Birth | 1572 – Emperor Go-Yōzei of Japan, (d. 1617) |
| 147160 | December 31 | Birth | 1585 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general and politician, 24th Governor of the Duchy of Milan (d. 1645) |
| 147161 | December 31 | Birth | 1668 – Herman Boerhaave, Dutch botanist and physician (d. 1738) |
| 147162 | December 31 | Birth | 1714 – Arima Yoriyuki, Japanese mathematician and educator (d. 1783) |
| 147163 | December 31 | Birth | 1720 – Charles Edward Stuart, Jacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d. 1788) |
| 147164 | December 31 | Birth | 1738 – Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, English general and politician, 3rd Governor-General of India (d. 1805) |
| 147165 | December 31 | Birth | 1741 – Gottfried August Bürger, German poet and academic (d. 1794) |
| 147166 | December 31 | Birth | 1741 – Princess Isabella of Parma (d. 1763) |
| 147167 | December 31 | Birth | 1763 – Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (d. 1806) |
| 147168 | December 31 | Birth | 1776 – Johann Spurzheim, German-American physician and phrenologist (d. 1832) |
| 147169 | December 31 | Birth | 1790 – Antonie Adamberger, Austrian actress (d. 1867) |
| 147170 | December 31 | Birth | 1798 – Friedrich Robert Faehlmann, Estonian physician, philologist, and academic (d. 1850) |
| 147171 | December 31 | Birth | 1805 – Marie d'Agoult, German-French historian and author (d. 1876) |
| 147172 | December 31 | Birth | 1815 – George Meade, American general and engineer (d. 1872) |
| 147173 | December 31 | Birth | 1830 – Isma'il Pasha, Egyptian politician (d. 1895) |
| 147174 | December 31 | Birth | 1830 – Alexander Smith, Scottish poet and critic (d. 1867) |
| 147175 | December 31 | Birth | 1851 – Henry Carter Adams, American economist and academic (d. 1921) |
| 147176 | December 31 | Birth | 1855 – Giovanni Pascoli, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1912) |
| 147177 | December 31 | Birth | 1857 – King Kelly, American baseball player and manager (d. 1894) |
| 147178 | December 31 | Birth | 1860 – Joseph S. Cullinan, American businessman, co-founded Texaco (d. 1937) |
| 147179 | December 31 | Birth | 1864 – Robert Grant Aitken, American astronomer and academic (d. 1951) |
| 147180 | December 31 | Birth | 1869 – Henri Matisse, French painter and sculptor (d. 1954) |