| 181 | January 1 | Birth | 1779 – William Clowes, English publisher (d. 1847) |
| 182 | January 1 | Birth | 1803 – Guglielmo Libri Carucci dalla Sommaja, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 1869) |
| 183 | January 1 | Birth | 1806 – Lionel Kieseritzky, Estonian-French chess player (d. 1853) |
| 184 | January 1 | Birth | 1814 – Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebel leader (d. 1864) |
| 185 | January 1 | Birth | 1819 – Arthur Hugh Clough, English-Italian poet and academic (d. 1861) |
| 186 | January 1 | Birth | 1823 – Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and activist (d. 1849) |
| 187 | January 1 | Birth | 1833 – Robert Lawson, New Zealand architect, designed the Otago Boys' High School and Knox Church (d. 1902) |
| 188 | January 1 | Birth | 1834 – Ludovic Halévy, French author and playwright (d. 1908) |
| 189 | January 1 | Birth | 1839 – Ouida, English-Italian author (d. 1908) |
| 190 | January 1 | Birth | 1848 – John W. Goff, Irish-American lawyer and politician (d. 1924) |
| 191 | January 1 | Birth | 1852 – Eugène-Anatole Demarçay, French chemist and academic (d. 1904) |
| 192 | January 1 | Birth | 1854 – James George Frazer, Scottish anthropologist and academic (d. 1941) |
| 193 | January 1 | Birth | 1859 – Thibaw Min, Burmese king (d. 1916) |
| 194 | January 1 | Birth | 1860 – Dan Katchongva, American tribal leader and activist (d. 1972) |
| 195 | January 1 | Birth | 1860 – Jan Vilímek, Czech illustrator and painter (d. 1938) |
| 196 | January 1 | Birth | 1860 – John Cassidy, Irish sculptor and painter (d. 1939) |
| 197 | January 1 | Birth | 1860 – Michele Lega, Italian cardinal (d. 1935) |
| 198 | January 1 | Birth | 1863 – Pierre de Coubertin, French historian and educator, founded the International Olympic Committee (d. 1937) |
| 199 | January 1 | Birth | 1864 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer and curator (d. 1946) |
| 200 | January 1 | Birth | 1864 – Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (d. 1957) |
| 201 | January 1 | Birth | 1867 – Mary Ackworth Evershed, English astronomer and Dante scholar (d. 1949) |
| 202 | January 1 | Birth | 1867 – Lew Fields, American actor, producer, and manager (d. 1941) |
| 203 | January 1 | Birth | 1868 – Snitz Edwards, Hungarian-American actor (d. 1937) |
| 204 | January 1 | Birth | 1871 – Montagu Toller, English cricketer and lawyer (d. 1948) |
| 205 | January 1 | Birth | 1873 – Mariano Azuela, Mexican physician and author (d. 1952) |
| 206 | January 1 | Birth | 1874 – Frank Knox, American publisher and politician, 46th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1944) |
| 207 | January 1 | Birth | 1874 – Gustave Whitehead, German-American pilot and engineer (d. 1927) |
| 208 | January 1 | Birth | 1877 – Alexander von Staël-Holstein, German sinologist and orientalist (d. 1937) |
| 209 | January 1 | Birth | 1878 – Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish mathematician, statistician, and engineer (d. 1929) |
| 210 | January 1 | Birth | 1879 – E. M. Forster, English author and playwright (d. 1970) |